(1) Preparation of raw materials. Preparation of raw materials before flotation includes grinding, mixing, dosing, stirring, and the like. After grinding, the particle size of the raw material must meet certain requirements. The main purpose is to dissociate most of the useful minerals from the inlaid state. The other purpose is to enable the bubbles to carry the ore particles up. Generally, it needs to be ground to less than 0.2. Mm. Slurrying refers to the mixing of raw materials into pulp of suitable concentration. Various flotation agents are added later to enhance the difference in floatability between the useful mineral and the gangue mineral surface. The purpose of the agitation is to make the flotation agent and the surface of the ore particles fully effective.

(2) Stirring and aeration. The stirring aerator of the flotation machine is used for agitation and air is sucked in, and a special compressor device can also be provided to press the air in. The purpose is to make the ore particles in suspension, and at the same time produce a large number of suitable and relatively stable bubbles, causing the mineral particles to collide with the bubbles.

(3) Mineralization of bubbles. After acting on the flotation agent, the surface hydrophobic mineral particles can adhere to the bubbles and gradually rise to the slurry surface to form a mineralized foam. The surface hydrophilic ore particles cannot adhere to the bubbles and remain in the slurry. This is the most basic behavior of flotation separation of minerals.

(4) Scraping of mineralized foam. In order to maintain continuous production, the mineralized foam is discharged in time, and the scraper of the flotation machine scrapes it out. This product is called “foam concentrate”. The product left in the pulp and then discharged, called "tailings"

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