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The stimulation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, coupled with the development of moderately large-scale land management and the gradual maturity of grain drying technology, China's grain drying machinery market has been rising all the way. According to the statistics of the China Agricultural Machinery Industry Association, the production of grain dryers in 2017 reached 28,000 units, which has become a rare highlight in the agricultural machinery market.
Although the production capacity has gone up, a status quo that cannot be ignored is that the grain drying machinery market in China is not standardized. At present, there are nearly 400 enterprises in the dryer industry in China, but the scale of the company is small and the market concentration is low. At the same time of rapid market growth, the dryer brand has experienced explosive growth, small scale, large number of production, weak independent research and development capabilities, mutual plagiarism, mutual imitation, lack of industry standards, low technical level, and large gaps with foreign technology. The quality is mixed. Some enterprises pay too much attention to immediate interests and there is a phenomenon of bad competition.
It is not difficult to understand that in the large dryer market, the uneven quality of products is extremely likely to cause safety hazards. At the same time, coupled with the training and service of the manufacturer, the standards and specifications in the process of installation, operation and use have not received such attention, which may lead to accidents.
Dryer safety hazards are easily overlooked
Unlike tractors and combine harvesters, the safety of grain dryers is often overlooked. But behind it, it is a heavy price.
It is understood that the Zhouzhou Jiulong Plant Protection Professional Cooperative of Wanquan Town, Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province had a serious accident during the drying operation. According to the director of the cooperative, during the drying operation, the internal temperature of the dryer was too high, igniting the rice being dried, resulting in the burning of the dryer and the rice in the machine, and the loss was heavy.
In recent years, as the number of dryers purchased by agricultural machinery cooperatives has increased, security risks have also intensified. The first is that the dryer itself has safety and environmental protection problems. Different types of dryers have different configurations and should comply with relevant standards and specifications. However, some of the standards and specifications should be followed by all dryers. Equipped with qualified on-machine moisture meter, heat source, etc. Secondly, some dryer manufacturers compete to reduce prices, seize the market, reduce the configuration, some dryer moisture meter is not compliant, the heat source does not match the identification certificate, and even some manufacturers have changed the heat source, the burner is not allocated to the user.
According to the China Agricultural Mechanization Development Research Center of China Agricultural University, two agricultural machinery cooperatives were surveyed in Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province. The common point was that they changed the heat source, but did not see the matching burner. One of the cooperative's dryer moisture meter is basically a display, and the dryer only designs two blanking valves, which will have a great impact on the uniformity, shelf life and taste of the drying. According to reports, the dryer purchased by a cooperative in Wan'an County, Ji'an City is not equipped with a moisture meter. It is very dangerous for the user to take a sample of the moisture during the operation of the dryer.
The scientific safety issues of dryer installation cannot be ignored. Since the current unit is equipped with large-scale and multi-unit series development, the scientific and safety of unit installation is a very important issue. The dryer large-scale unit needs to consider a series of scientific matching problems such as plant facilities, unit installation location, foundation load design, safety control of machine operation process, and operator skills. However, the reality is that there are security risks at different levels, but they often do not attract great attention.
It is very urgent to implement food dryer insurance
“The dryer insurance is very good, we are very welcome, but the premium feels too high. It is better for us to bear only 30% of our own.†Zhang Xingyuan, head of the Xingyuan Agricultural Machinery Cooperative of Rugao City, Jiangsu Province. Agricultural machinery insurance is an important part of agricultural insurance. As an important part of agricultural machinery, dryers are welcomed by farmers, especially agricultural machinery cooperatives. They have a realistic basis and are fully legally available.
At present, the regulations on the promotion of agricultural machinery introduced by various provinces in China are clearly stated. For example, the "Regulations on the Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization in Zhejiang Province" requires that the people's governments at or above the county level should strengthen their leadership in promoting the promotion of agricultural mechanization and the supervision and management of agricultural machinery, and increase policy support and capital investment. Article 13 stipulates that insurance institutions should be encouraged to carry out agricultural machinery insurance business; the people's governments at or above the county level should gradually include agricultural production tractors, combine harvesters, grain dryers and facility agricultural equipment in the scope of insurance subsidies. The Regulations on the Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region also clearly stated: Encourage insurance institutions to carry out agricultural machinery insurance business. The people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to gradually include agricultural production tractors, combine harvesters, grain dryers, etc. into the scope of insurance subsidies.
At the same time, the "Agricultural Insurance Regulations" also clearly stipulates that agriculture-related insurance includes agricultural machinery insurance, which clarifies the nature of policy insurance for agricultural machinery insurance. Agricultural machinery insurance has become an insurance business that the state grants subsidies, insurance institutions can entrust, and grassroots agricultural machinery institutions can act as agents. Dryers, as a type of agricultural machinery, clearly meet the requirements of the Agricultural Insurance Regulations.
It is very urgent to implement food dryer insurance, which is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, the use of drying facilities has potential safety hazards. At present, there are many brands of dryers. The hot blast stove involves various heat sources such as coal, diesel, electric power, natural gas, biomass, etc., and the dryer and hot blast stove are mostly manufactured by different manufacturers. The matching is complicated, and there are hidden dangers in mechanical design and assembly. . From the point of view of some accidents, the mechanical failure caused the blockage of the drying layer, causing local temperature rise. Second, farmers' demand for insurance is high. The grain drying center has a relatively large investment. Most of the farmers' investment funds come from loans, ranging from hundreds of thousands of yuan to millions of yuan. In the event of an accident, the losses are serious, and production cannot be resumed for a long time, and risk transfer is required. Most of the operators of grain drying centers are large-scale management entities, and their ideas are relatively open, and insurance awareness is enhanced compared with individual farmers. Third, it is difficult to recover from the accident of the dryer. Because the drying center equipment is assembled by several manufacturers' products, once the fault causes an accident, the cost of identifying the cause of the accident is high, and there is a situation between the manufacturers. The farmers need insurance companies to help the subrogation.
Fortunately, in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other regions, grain dryers have been highly valued for inclusion in agricultural machinery policy insurance. It is believed that with the continuous deepening of policies, the active promotion of the agricultural machinery department, the improvement of the safety awareness of dryer users and the attention of insurance brokerage companies, this game will become bigger and bigger.
There are hidden dangers behind the growth of grain dryers
An undeniable fact is that China's grain drying machinery market is currently in an explosive period of market growth. Since the grain drying machinery was included in the National Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy Catalog in 2011, the grain drying machinery has implemented local subsidies in Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and other provinces on the basis of 30% of the state financial subsidies, plus the implementation of the State Grain Administration. China's good grain and oil project projects stimulate rapid market growth, with an average annual growth rate of more than 50%, attracting more and more enterprises to enter the market “gold panningâ€.