The most prominent feature of non-metallic minerals is the large number of minerals. At present, the development and utilization of the world there are more than 200 kinds of non-metallic minerals (including precious jade), China has discovered 100 kinds of economic value of non-metallic minerals. Another outstanding feature of non-metallic minerals is that the nature of each mineral is very different and has little commonality. The difference between physical properties and value determines that mining, mineral processing and processing methods vary widely. In addition, most non-metallic ore is a useful mineral aggregate or rock for utilization. In the beneficiation operation, the useful mineral crystals are protected, and the use value of the mineral is not reduced, which becomes the main principle for determining the beneficiation process and equipment selection. Non-metallic ore dressing is much more complicated than other solid minerals.

Non-metallic ore beneficiation methods can be divided into physical methods, chemical methods, comprehensive methods, etc. according to the means of separating materials. At present, due to the advantages of process cost and technology accumulation, the physical methods based on differences in mineral specific gravity, magnetic properties and floatability are still the mainstream technologies for non-metallic minerals selection. However, due to the development and subsequent application of the material industry, the properties such as material purity are proposed. With higher requirements, some chemical purification processes have received more attention and become an important and necessary technical means to further improve product quality, and are an important supplement to traditional physical mineral processing methods. Combining the characteristics of the two types of technologies, considering the cost and technology linkage, some comprehensive processes have been formed, which has become an important trend in non-metallic ore dressing methods.

In the mineral processing of non-metallic minerals, chemical beneficiation methods have become a necessary means to upgrade the product grade. Commonly used to improve product purity and remove color-causing substances are acid leaching, calcination, compounding, alkali leaching and other techniques. Luo Guoqing and Gao Huimin of Wuhan University of Technology conducted a study on the mineral processing of a low-grade diatomite mine in Jilin. The results show that the ore is mainly composed of opal and its varieties and a small amount of impurity minerals such as quartz , feldspar and kaolinite. The best experimental conditions for scrubbing and acid leaching are determined by conditional tests. The scrubbing-sedimentation-acid leaching process is adopted. A diatomaceous earth concentrate having an SiO ₂ content of 82.45% and a Fe ₂ O ₃ content of 0.72% was obtained. Osman San et al. purified the diatomaceous earth raw material used for porous ceramic materials, and acid leached with hydrochloric acid (5moI/L) at 75 ° C for 12 h, the SiO ₂ content could reach 95%. The material was sintered at 1300 ° C to obtain a porous structure having a porosity of 48%.

Yu Bo and Xiong Yuhua from the Institute of Mineral Resources of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences used the kaolin raw ore in the Yangzi Lake mine in Taipu as the research object. Through the ore dressing test, a reasonable beneficiation process was determined. After the sand removal test of the ore, the concentrate yield was 33.57%, the SiO ₂ content was reduced from 69.48% to 51.08%, and the Al ₂ O ₃ content was increased from 20.27% to 32.13%. The iron removal and whitening of the concentrate reduced the Fe ₂ O ₃ content from 1.38% to 0.66%, and the whiteness of the fire increased from 66.7% to 86.1%. After the beneficiation, the kaolin products reach the national standard of ceramic kaolin TC-2. Kaolin beneficiation tailings generated after further processing, it may be K ₂ O + Na ₂ 0 content from 6.33% to 7.22%, Fe ₂ 0 ₃ content is reduced from 0.59% to 0.13%, can be applied to a feldspar raw material Ceramic industry. In the whitening test, according to the characteristics of the low- titanium and high-iron type of the mine resources, the process of combining magnetic separation and chemical bleaching is used to remove iron and whiten. Among them, the magnetic separation whitening equipment adopts SLon100 high gradient magnetic separator, and then chemically bleached with sulfuric acid, sodium thiosulfate and oxalic acid for 30 min. The research and processing of kaolin resources in Tongcheng, Hubei Province were studied by Yu Jishun and Guan Junfang from China University of Geosciences. The results showed that the whiteness of Tongcheng kaolin in Hubei was mainly affected by the content of TFe ₂ 0 ₃ , which was not related to organic matter, and the whiteness was inversely related to the content of TFe ₂ 0 ₃ . BLEACHING tests performed, a rate of up to 50% iron, there was a marked increase in whiteness, chemical analysis further demonstrated the Kaolin whiteness content region ₂₀₃ with the inverse linear correlation was TFe addition to the other through the city kaolin by chemical means.

Liu Si, Gao Huimin et al. performed quartz sand on the basis of process mineralogy research on a kaolin tailings according to the scrubbing-grading-rod-grinding-grading-high gradient strong magnetic separation-reverse flotation-acid scrubbing principle process. Purified beneficiation test, obtained high-white quartz sand product with particle size of 0.6-0.1mm, content of 99.91%, Fe ₂ 0 ₃ content of 79.88μg/g, combined with mineral processing test and process mineralogical research results, for future The actual production proposes a recommended process flow that not only produces high-white quartz sand, but also obtains by-products such as ceramic raw materials, ordinary quartz sand, and kaolin. Wu Zhaoyang, Liu Xinhai and others took a quartz quartz mine in Jiangxi as raw material, and obtained SiO ₂ content of not less than 99.93%, iron, aluminum and other impurities by scrubbing, fractional deliming, magnetic separation, flotation, pickling, calcination and other treatment processes. Low-content silicon micropowder that meets the requirements of the electronics and electrical industry. The study suggests that the use of oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid mixed acid can exert synergistic effects and reduce the aluminum content in powdered quartz. Shenbao Lei, Wang Na, who for a natural quartz sandstone ore Yunnan, the use of screening, scrubbing, purification shaker beneficiation test research, magnetic separation, calcining and other technology methods to explore the production of high purity quartz sand drawn the most Excellent program. The results show that the beneficiation process of screening, scrubbing, shaker and calcination is adopted. The SiO ₂ mass fraction of quartz sand can be increased to more than 99.7%. Studies have shown that calcination after physical beneficiation can further improve the purity of quartz sand. Sulfuric acid leaching can also improve the purity of quartz sand, but it is improved compared with calcined samples. The effect is not very significant. Shen Baolei, Zheng Shuilin and others believe that although the chemical treatment method is costly, it is still the most effective and necessary method for processing high-purity quartz raw materials. The available acids are hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Wait for 4 kinds. There is a difference in the effect of each acid removal. However, in general, the acid leaching effect of a single acid is not as good as the mixed acid, because the harmful components are often in the form of mineral aggregates, rather than a simple combination of pure minerals, using mixed acid leaching. Can play a synergistic effect between different acids to achieve better impurity removal effect.

Lei Shaomin and others from Wuhan University of Technology, on the basis of ultrafine pulverization of barite coarse concentrate, chemically purify the barite after ultrafine grinding, that is, using concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and compounding agent. After acid leaching and purification at a certain time and temperature, the whiteness, fineness, specific surface area and chemical content of the powder are detected after washing and drying. The results show that after purification and purification, the whiteness can reach 92.0%. The barium sulfate content can reach 97.20%. Li Xueqin et al. Purified the barite concentrate which is rich in red mud and selected in the process of re-election, grinding and flotation, resulting in low-purity concentrate and slightly red barite concentrate. Product added value. The experiment uses concentrated sulfuric acid and a compounding agent for acid leaching. Among them, concentrated sulfuric acid is used to dissolve Fe ³⁺ from the barite concentrate, and the compounding agent is used to mix the dissolved Fe ²⁺ to prevent reoxidation. In addition, the experiment was carried out by alkaline leaching with sodium hydroxide as an alkali leaching agent to remove other color-causing substances such as Si0 ₂ in the barite. SiO . The results show that the chemical content of barite increases from 95.60% before purification to 97.29%, and the main coloring matter Fe ^{3+ is} completely removed, and other coloring substances are significantly reduced.

Experimental Research of Beneficiation Wang Cheng, Leishao Min et al Kobayashi Suizhou low grade weathered white mica paper. The use of spiral concentrator rough selection, shaker sorting, re-grinding and shaker re-election, chemical purification and other treatment techniques to obtain muscovite with a mica grade greater than 30%, a whiteness greater than 80%, and a lower Fe ₂ 0 ₃ content. mine. In the chemical purification stage, a mixed acid of oxalic acid and sulfuric acid is used, wherein oxalic acid and iron ions are easy to form a complex, and the amount of sulfuric acid can also be reduced. In addition, according to the characteristics of the presence of carbonate in mica, a small amount of hydrochloric acid is also introduced during the chemical treatment. Subsequently, the sodium salt is added to heat treatment to reduce the silicate content, making the mica surface smooth and lustrous. Zhao Ping, Zhang Yanjiao and others conducted an experimental study on the purification of a normal-pressure sintered ceramic-grade silicon carbide micropowder. It was found that the influence of iron and elemental silicon on the ceramic properties was particularly significant. The free quartz and carbon also had a certain influence on the product quality; The method is difficult to meet the product quality requirements. In the experiment, the flotation method is used to remove carbon, the beneficiation and chemical treatment combined method to remove iron, the alkali at room temperature leaching and the high temperature sintering water to dissolve silicon, and good results have been obtained.

Mahid Gharabaghi et al apatite mineral ore containing gangue organic calcium soaked sour example reviewed, the text of that acid leaching is dissolved basic factors to determine the reaction time, reaction temperature, liquid-solid ratio, The main parameter values ​​such as the type of Organic Acid, the concentration of acid, and the particle size. With acid leaching, P ₂ 0 ₅ can be increased by about 30%; the acid leaching time, rate and effect are directly dependent on the characteristics of the apatite ore; the acid concentration is generally between 4% and 15%; The effects of acid temperature and technical economy were analyzed. RPOrosco et al. used chlorination and acid leaching to remove iron and purify four talc samples from Argentina. Studies have shown that the chlorination method can effectively remove iron Oxide in talc (formation of ferric chloride to remove volatiles). Before chlorination, 10% hydrochloric acid is used for easy pretreatment to remove phosphate components and a small amount of iron impurities. Chlorination on the basis, the effect is better, after treatment, the talc whiteness is significantly increased

Xie Yifu and Wang Yuhua from Central South University conducted flotation tests and flotation-acid leaching tests on the high purity of quartz sand in a certain area of ​​Hunan. Flotation treatment is difficult to remove impurities such as iron, titanium, lithium, etc., and acid leaching and impurity removal, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid (mass ratio of 2:1) to treat flotation concentrate, can achieve better impurity removal effect, Removal of impurities such as aluminum, calcium and iron is obvious. The results show that the flotation-acid leaching scheme can reduce the main impurity content in quartz sand from 205.475 × 10 ^-6 to 62.900 × 10 ^-6 , and the purity of quartz sand from 99.9795% to 99. 9936%.

Basic Organic Chemicals

Organic compounds in the narrow sense mainly refer to carbon elements, hydrogen elements, must be carbon-containing compounds, but do not include carbon oxides and sulfides, carbonic acid, carbonates, cyanides, thiocyanides, cyanates, carbides, carbon borane, carbonaceous metals, metal-organic ligand complexes without M-C bonds, some metal-organic compounds (substances containing M-C bonds) and other carbon-containing substances mainly studied in inorganic chemistry.

Organic matter is the material basis of life, and all living organisms contain organic compounds, such as fats, amino acids, proteins, sugars, heme, chlorophyll, enzymes, hormones, etc. Metabolism in living organisms and genetic phenomena in living organisms are related to the transformation of organic compounds. In addition, many substances that are closely related to human life, such as oil, natural gas, cotton, dyes, chemical fibers, plastics, plexiglass, natural and synthetic drugs, etc., are closely related to organic compounds.

Organic Chemicals, Basic Organic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Organic Compound

WUHAN RUISUNNY CHEMICAL CO. LTD , https://www.ruisunny-chem.com