Soil nutrient testing is very important for agriculture. Taking the soil acidity and alkalinity as an example, the pH value of the soil is different, the form of some nutrients in the soil will change, and the nutrient availability will also be different, which will ultimately be reflected in the absorption of nutrients by the crop. Therefore, understanding the relationship between soil acidity and nutrient availability is helpful for guiding fertilization.

The spatial variation of soil fertility has important practical significance for human regulation and directed cultivation of soil fertility, improvement of soil ecological environment, and promotion of sustainable development of regional agriculture and society. How can we quickly measure the soil fertility? Nowadays, scientifically developed, relevant experts have already developed a rapid tester for soil nutrients to quickly determine soil nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

The spatial variation of soil fertility was experimentally studied. The spatial variability of soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available iron, available manganese, available copper, and available zinc in the study area was analyzed. The results show that there is a good semi-variance structure in the spatial variability of the isotropic materials. The spatial autocorrelation distances of these contents are larger than the sampling distance, indicating that there are spatial correlations in soil nutrients in the study area. The gold coefficient is between 25% and 50%, indicating that the soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available iron, available manganese, available copper, and available zinc all have significant spatial autocorrelation. The spatial variation is mainly the result of structural and random factors; the anisotropic structure is obvious, the soil pH is in the east-west direction, the organic matter is in the northwest-southeast direction, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium The spatial variability in the south-north upward is the strongest, the effective copper is in the east-west upward, the effective iron in the northwest-southeast, the effective manganese in the south-north, and the effective zinc in the northeast-southwest direction.

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