Abstract: This article discusses the central heating "quality and tune" mode of operation to make the water pump energy saving 70% of the energy-saving effect and to achieve "quality and tune" mode of operation of the adjustment tool ??? Self-supporting resistance balancing valve, and introduced self The principle of the type of resistance balance valve and the use of self-balancing resistance valve heat network to adjust the basic process.

Key words: quality adjustment, quality control and mass adjustment, balance valve, self-operated flow control valve, self-operated differential pressure control valve, self-operated resistance balance valve, initial adjustment and operation adjustment.

As we all know, due to the characteristics of the heating system itself, under the premise of ensuring the best heating quality (indoor temperature is not too high nor too low), for a given heating system, at different outdoor temperatures, there is a Corresponding to the best circulation flow and the best temperature (temperature difference). Therefore, the best way to adjust the operation is the "quality" and "quantity" of the comprehensive adjustment, that is, in the regulation of heating operation, according to changes in outdoor temperature, both to change the circulating flow and change the water temperature. This quality adjustment, on the one hand to achieve the best heating effect, on the other hand reached the maximum to reduce heat and power consumption. However, due to the "quality and adjust" mode of operation there is difficulty in balancing the heat network, so although in recent years many domestic heating enterprises in the first and second heat network implementation of circulating pump frequency control variable flow operation, "quality "And" quantity "and adjust the project practice more, but the actual operation is not satisfactory. The concrete manifestation is that the change of the flow rate is not big, can not drop down, and most of the flow in the operation is higher than the calculated flow under the design state, which is far from the parameter state of achieving the best adjustment working condition. The frequency conversion speed regulation of the circulating pump Become a means to solve the equipment of the horse-drawn car, heating system energy saving potential is not really tapped out. The most fundamental reason is that the lack of a simple and effective means of adjusting the heat balance hinders the popularization and application of the "quality and adjust" operation method. In this paper, the "mass and tune" mode of operation of the energy-saving effect of a theoretical exposition, and to achieve "quality and tune" mode of operation of the network regulation tool? Self-balancing resistance balancing valve principle and application of a brief introduction .

1, "quality and tune" mode of operation of energy-saving effect:

Taking Changchun City, Jilin Province as an example, the heating period of Changchun City is 165 days, totaling 3960 hours. According to the data of many thermoelectric companies, the actual heat consumption index of Changchun City at designed outdoor temperature is about 52 kcal. See Table 1.

1.1, the entire heating period does not change the flow of mass adjustment mode of operation, circulating pump consumption flow is 100%, circulating pump consumption of electricity is 100%.

1.2, if the use of quality control mode of operation to change the flow step by step, the heating period can be divided into three stages: the first 50 days of cold, circulating flow rate of 80%; 50 days of the end of cold phase, the circulating flow rate of 80% operation; Cold period of 65 days, the circulating flow at 100% operation.

The quality of the flow of the phase-by-phase adjustment of the mode of operation The actual consumption of the flow and pure quality-adjusted operating mode consumed by the flow ratio is:

(80% * 50 + 100% * 65 + 80% * 50) /165=87.9%

Due to the circulating pump power consumption and circulation pump flow between the three visits, according to the formula:

The use of phase-change flow quality control mode of operation and simple quality control mode circulation pump power consumption ratio are as follows:

Early stage: N1 = 51.2%

Cold period: N1 = 100%

End of the cold: N1 = 51.2%

1.3, the use of "quality and tune" mode of operation,

According to the different outdoor temperature using different circulating flow, the actual consumption of the flow and the pure qualitative adjustment mode of operation consumed when the flow ratio is:
2606 / (3960 * 100%) = 65.81%

According to the formula:

The ratio of the power consumption of the circulation pump adopting the operation mode of "quality and adjustment" and that of the simple adjustment operation is: N1 = (65.81%) 3 = 28.5%

From the above analysis it can be seen that the power consumption of the circulating pump is 100% when pure qualitative regulation operation is used and the power consumption of the circulating pump is 70.4% when using the qualitative regulation operation of changing the flowrate in stages The electricity consumption is 29.6%. When using the "quality and tune" mode of operation, the circulating pump power consumption is 28.5%, saving 71.5%. See Table II.

Although there may be some differences between theoretical calculation and actual engineering, it is enough to show that the energy-saving effect is considerable. Its significance lies not only in saving the heat company cost and increasing profits, but also making due contributions to the country's energy conservation and emission reduction and the improvement of the global environment so as to make contributions to the benefit of future generations.

Project quality control phase change flow quality adjustment quality and tune

Power consumption 100% 70.4% 28.5%

Power saving 100% 29.6% 71.5%

2, self-balancing resistance valve

At present, the thermostat for the adjustment of the main hydraulic components have a balance valve, self-flow control valve, self-operated pressure control valve. Among them, self-operated flow control valve has a constant flow characteristics, the target of regulation is flow, the most suitable for qualitative adjustment mode of operation, the disadvantage can not be applied to the "quality and tune" mode of operation; Temperature control valve supporting the use of, suitable for heat metering system, the characteristics of the heat metering system is the user active variable flow and thermal company passive variable flow system, due to various reasons can not be widely promoted; balance valve regulation goal is to balance the resistance, The manifestation is flow balance, so a heat network system, which theoretically uses balance valves for balance adjustment, can be adapted to the "quality and tune" mode of operation. However, the balance valve is poorly adjusted for large-scale pipe network systems, the balance effect is poor, the mediation process is too complicated, and users rarely use it.

In order to make the "quality and tune" this significant energy-saving heating operation has been widely promoted, it is necessary to invest one is not high, energy-saving effect, good balance of hydraulic regulation products. Mr. Liu Zhaojun engaged in hydraulic balance for many years, after repeated research, and finally invented a self-balancing resistance valve, self-balancing valve resistance self-flow control valve and balancing valve to absorb their own advantages, to make up for their shortcomings, completely suitable In the "quality and tune" mode of operation, applicable to all sizes of primary and secondary networks.

To understand the self-force balancing valve, we must first clear the hot net hydraulic characteristics.

2.1, heat network hydraulic characteristics formula:

The heating system in the hot network between users in general are in parallel. By the parallel network characteristics formula:

△ P = S • V2

△ P = S1 • V12 = S2 • V22 = S3 • V32 = ...

Get parallel network V1: V2: V3 ... = 1 /: 1 /: 1 / ...

Where V1, V2, V3, respectively, that the parallel section of pipe 1,2,3 flow, m3 / h;

Where, S1, S2, S3, respectively, that the parallel section of pipe 1,2,3 resistance coefficient, Pa / (m3 / h).
According to the above basic formula to draw the following conclusions:

1, for a hydraulic components, pipe section is concerned, as long as its specific structure does not change, the flow through the square and the pressure drop at both ends of a direct ratio.

2. When the resistance of each branch pipe in the parallel pipe section is constant (that is, the value of the resistance coefficient S), that is, when the resistance coefficient of each hot user in the heating system is constant, how many times the total network traffic increases or how many times decrease, How many times or decrease the traffic of each hot user in each branch pipe section in the pipe section, that is, the heating system, is correspondingly increased?

3. When the resistance condition of any branch pipe segment in the parallel pipe section changes (ie, the resistance coefficient S value), the total network drag coefficient inevitably changes, and the proportion of the total network traffic in each branch pipe segment is also correspondingly Change.

Based on the above formulas and conclusions, we can deduce the following conclusions:

When the resistance coefficient at a certain point in the heat network changes, the pipe section (ie, hot user) in front of this point will have a disproportionate change in flow rate. The pipe section (ie, hot user) behind this point will have a proportional flow rate Variety.

According to these hydraulic characteristics of heating pipe network, when a heating system adopts quality adjustment mode, the variable speed operation of circulating water pump is equivalent to the change of the resistance condition (ie, the resistance coefficient S value) of the total outlet of the heating net, Circulating pump outlet after the hot user that is all the hot users, the circulation flow will be a proportional change.

Heat network through the initial adjustment to achieve the resistance balance, the pipe network on each branch, the user valve is no longer operating, its opening is fixed (all hot user loop resistance coefficient constant), heat network total flow and then change how much change, Each user traffic online also increase or decrease the number of changes in the same proportion, without changing the original balance.

2.2, self-acting balance valve works:

The production of self-operated flow control valve retains the self-regulating orifice plate, differential pressure automatic balancing mechanism, manually adjust the orifice, the pressure control feedback pipe, set the flow scale scale, based on the structure, an increase of locking devices and pressure Detection hole. The valve does exactly the same function as a self-acting flow control valve without a locking mechanism - a constant flow function. In the initial stage of heating network, the locking device is fully opened, the valve is adjusted by the self-operated flow control valve adjustment method, the heat user's flow quickly reaches the equilibrium state, and the self-operated flow control valve is exerted on the heat balance control Advantage. The lock is then activated and the valve becomes a counterbalance valve with variable flow capacity. As each hot user balances, circulating pump and then change speed, the user traffic will be a proportional change, still maintain the balance. Constant flow control valve constant flow and balance method of variable flow, two functions can be converted according to specific needs. Pressure measurement hole used to measure the valve inlet and outlet pressure, and according to the actual flow rate under the state, calculate the corresponding state of the resistance and resistance coefficient, the performance of the designer for hydraulic balance project design and operation of the analysis staff The pressure, flow, resistance situation provides a simple and accurate tool.

2.3, Self-acting resistance balancing valve general application: As shown in Figure 1, during the initial adjustment of the resistance balance, the first locking mechanism, the use of self-balancing resistance valve constant flow function, the flow of 5 hot users according to the design Flow regulation is good, at this moment, the flowrate of 5 heat users is balanced, the resistance (resistance coefficient) of 5 heat user loops in this flow state is balanced too. At this point, the use of self-acting resistance balancing valve locking device, which is locked five thermal users in this flow equilibrium state of resistance equilibrium (ie, five thermal user loop resistance and drag coefficient), due to the heat When the resistance coefficient of the user is in a more accurate equilibrium, the flow of the five hot users will change proportionally when we change the heat pump circulating flow, and the equilibrium will still be maintained.

2.4, self-balancing valve in the heat metering system applications: In the heat metering system, people often installed in the entrance of the single building differential pressure control valve, its purpose is: First, to ensure the normal temperature control valve Working pressure is not more than 0.1Mpa. Second, the pressure drop in stabilizing individual buildings is not affected by changes in the flow of other buildings.

In the actual project, the import and export of thermal power station pressure rarely reach 0.2Mpa, remove the consumption along the way resistance, and then remove the branch line, heat meter, filters and so on the resistance to consumption, the real role in the pressure on the temperature control valve The difference is less than 0.1Mpa. At the same time, the function of the thermostatic valve is to automatically change the flow according to the change of the indoor temperature. Therefore, even if the flow of the single building is affected by other buildings and the temperature change in the room is affected, the thermostatic valve will be automatically adjusted. Therefore, The significance of installing self-operated differential pressure control valve is not great.

Many examples of heat metering projects show that in heat metering systems, primary pipe network adjustments, like non-thermal metering systems, can result in severe hydraulic imbalances if poorly regulated. To this end, in the heat metering system, it is often used to determine the traffic flow of each pipe with a flow meter to adjust the flow with self-operated differential pressure control valve, and non-heat metering system with self-operated flow control valve Now it should be upgraded to self-acting resistance balancing valve) compared to flow regulation, time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, as mentioned above, the heat metering system is a user variable flow variable heat source variable flow system, the installation of self-service differential pressure control valve has little significance, it is recommended whether to use self-balancing valve instead of self-balancing pressure control Valve, so that, whether the thermostatic valve automatically adjusts the flow rate or heat source on the flow of automatic regulation, can easily achieve and maintain the heat balance, more convenient for heating operation and regulation. Of course, this is only a speculation, but also the actual test of the project.

3, conclusion:

In summary, self-balancing valve not only overcome the balance valve in the early adjustment of large-scale heat network is difficult to balance the disadvantage, but also overcome the self-flow control valve regulation of the heat network can only be a qualitative adjustment of the flow rate operation , Heat network circulation pump can not be fully energy-saving shortcomings, so we think this kind of self-acting resistance balance valve as a tool to adjust the resistance of the heat network as a goal, with significant energy-saving effect of "quality and tune" for the operation mode Heating systems, both in non-heat metering heating system or in the heat metering heating system will surely get a wide range of applications.

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